What are Hand Tendon Injuries?
Hand tendon injuries involve damage to the tendons — the tough, fibrous cords that connect muscles to bones and allow for hand and finger movement. Because tendons are essential for gripping, grasping, and fine motor control, injuries can lead to significant loss of function if not treated promptly. Tendon injuries can range from partial tears to complete ruptures.
Causes of Hand Tendon Injuries
Hand tendon injuries often result from trauma or overuse. Common causes include:
- Deep Cuts or Lacerations: Sharp objects can easily sever tendons.
- Sports Injuries: Contact sports and activities that involve high-impact or repetitive use of the hands can strain or tear tendons.
- Crush Injuries: Heavy objects compressing the hand can damage tendons.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: Chronic inflammation can weaken tendons, making them prone to rupture.
- Overuse and Repetitive Motion: Constant hand movements from work or hobbies may lead to tendonitis or small tears.
What are the Symptoms of Hand Tendon Injuries?
Recognizing the signs of a tendon injury early can lead to better treatment outcomes. Symptoms may include:
- Inability to Bend or Straighten Fingers: Depending on which tendon is injured.
- Pain: Especially when moving the hand or fingers.
- Swelling: Around the injured tendon area.
- Tenderness: Pain to touch along the course of the tendon.
- Visible Deformity: Such as fingers lying flat when they should be upright.
- Weak Grip: Difficulty holding objects securely.
How are Hand Tendon Injuries Diagnosed?
Diagnosis starts with a detailed physical examination to assess hand function, flexibility, and strength. Special movement tests may be performed to pinpoint which tendon is injured. Imaging tests, such as ultrasound or MRI, may be used to confirm the extent of tendon damage, especially in complex or deep injuries.
What are the Treatment Options for Hand Tendon Injuries?
Treatment aims to restore tendon function and hand strength. Options include:
- Splinting: Immobilizing the injured area to promote natural healing for minor injuries.
- Surgical Repair: Reattaching or reconstructing the torn tendon, especially for complete ruptures.
- Tendon Grafting: Using a tendon from another part of the body if the original tendon is severely damaged.
- Physical Therapy: Guided exercises to regain range of motion, strength, and flexibility after splinting or surgery.
